RESEARCH ARTICLES
A retrospective study of acute kidney injury in dogs with renal resistive index as a prognostic indicator
B.G. Rohini , Arun George, N.P. Usha, N. Madhavan Unny, R. Ambily and V.L.Gleeja
doi: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2022.53.4.583-591
Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences.2022.53(4):583-591.
Author Details
B.G. Rohini : M.V.Sc scholar, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur- 680 651, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kerala, India.
Arun George : Assistant Professor,Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur- 680 651, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kerala, India.
N.P. Usha : Professor and Head, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur- 680 651, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kerala, India.
N. Madhavan Unny: Associate Professor, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur- 680 651, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kerala, India.
R. Ambily : Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur- 680 651. Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kerala, India.
V. L. Gleeja : Assistant Professor and Head, Department of Statistics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur- 680 651. Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kerala, India.
Article History
Received: 27.04.2022, Accepted: 13.05.2022, Published online: 31.12.2022
Corresponding author: Arun George
e-mail : arun@kvasu.ac.in
Citation: Rohini, B.G., George, A., Usha, N.P.,MadhavanUnny, N., Ambily, R. and Gleeja, V.L.2022. A retrospective study of acute kidney injury in dogs with renal resistive index as a prognostic indicator. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 53(4): 583-591
DOI: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2022.53.4.583-591
Abstract
Doppler ultrasonography is relatively a new method for evaluation of the renal diseases in dogs. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of renal resistive index (RRI) in diagnosis and prognosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in dogs and to ascertain its correlationwith other renal parameters. Twenty-seven dogs with AKI along with ten clinically healthy dogs were evaluated. The aetiology of AKI was multifactorial which included viper snake envenomation, pyometra, Babesiagibsoni infection, canine parvo viral infection, Ehrlichiacanis infection, leptospiral infection, bone meal poisoning and tetracycline-induced nephrotoxicity. Dogs with AKI were characterized into five gradesas per the guidelines provided by International Renal Interest Society. Parameters such asblood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, urine output, urine protein-creatinine (UPC) ratio and blood pressure were estimated. Both BUN and creatinine was significantly higher in affected dogs. Majority of the dogs with AKI were oliguric and had the presence of proteinuria, occult blood and leucocytes on urine dipstick examination. Urine Protein-Creatinine ratio was increased whereas no significant variation was noticed in blood pressure of dogs with AKI.B-mode ultrasonography of kidneys revealedrenomegaly, hyperechoic cortex, decreased cortico-medullary differentiation and loss of architecture in majority of the dogs with AKI. Renal resistive index was significantly increased inAKI and a positive correlation was established between RRI and serumcreatinine but not with UPC ratio, blood pressure and size of kidneys. Re-evaluation of RRIseven days post treatment showed considerablereduction. It wasconcludedthat an increase in RRIwas associated with severity of renal parenchymal injuryin AKI and reduction of RRI post-treatment indicated favorable prognosis.
Key words:Dog, renal resistive index, acute kidney injury
