RESEARCH ARTICLES
Aetiopathology of canine hepatitis in Kerala
Alphiya Joseph, K. Vinodkumar, P. V. Tresamol, K. Vijayakumar and I. S Sajitha
doi: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2023.54.2.477-485
Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences.2023.54(2):477-485
Author Details
Alphiya Joseph : MVSc Scholar, Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy – 680651, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kerala,India
K. Vinodkumar : Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy – 680651, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kerala,India
P. V. Tresamol : Professor and Head, Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy – 680651, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kerala,India
K. Vijayakumar : Dean, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur- 680 651, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kerala, India
I. S Sajitha : Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur- 680 651, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kerala, India
Article History
Received: 14.11.2022 Accepted: 13.01.2023 Published online: 30.06.2023
Corresponding author: Alphiya Joseph
e-mail :alphiyajoseph@gmail.com
Citation: Joseph, A., Vinodkumar, K., Tresamol, P.V., Vijayakumar, K. and Sajitha, I.S. 2023. Aetiopathology of canine hepatitis in Kerala. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 54(2):477-485
DOI: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2023.54.2.477-485
Abstract
Hepatitis in dogs could be due to infectious, toxic or metabolic causes. Among infectious causes, leptospira, canine adenovirus (CAV 1) and babesia are responsible at varying levels, depending on the local geo-climatic conditions. This study, conducted on 40 dogs with clinical signs of hepatitis in Thrissur, Kerala, revealed occurrence of 2.5 per cent (1/40) for CAV 1, 20 per cent (8/40) for leptospirosis and 22.5 per cent (9/40) for babesiosis. The aetiologies were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the E3 gene for CAV 1, microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for leptospirosis and peripheral blood smear examination for babesiosis. Haematological profile of CAV 1 infected animals revealed thrombocytopaenia, lymphopaenia, monocytopaenia and granulocytosis. Serum biochemical analysis divulged elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin and creatinine, with decreased total protein and albumin. Significant decrease in volume of packed red cells (VPRC), haemoglobin (Hb) and total erythrocyte count (TEC), with significant increase in total leukocyte count (TLC) were evident in dogs positive for leptospirosis. Serum biochemical analysis revealed significant increase in ALP, AST and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and significant decrease in total protein. Severe anaemia and thrombocytopenia with mild leucocytosis and significant increase in ALP and total bilirubin, with hypoproteinemia were noticed in animals with babesiosis.
Keywords: Infectious canine hepatitis, Canine adenovirus 1, leptospirosis, babesiosis
