Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

RESEARCH ARTICLES

Myeloid to Erythroid (M: E) ratio in the evaluation of bone marrow cytology of Porcine Circovirus type 2 affected pigs
S. Vijayaragavan, B. Dhanush Krishna, I. S. Sajitha, P. M. Priya, R. Anoopraj, S.S. Devi, Chintu Ravishankar, C. Divya and Safeer M. Saifudeen

doi: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2021.52.3.250-256

Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences.2021.52 (3):250-256.

Author Details

S. Vijayaragavan: M.V.Sc. scholar, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala – 680651 Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.

B. Dhanush Krishna: Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala – 680651 Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.

I. S. Sajitha: Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala – 680651 Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.

P.M. Priya: Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala – 680651 Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.

R. Anoopraj: Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pookode, Thrissur, Kerala – 680651 Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.

S.S. Devi: Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala – 680651 Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.

Chintu Ravishankar: Associate Professor, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala – 680651 Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.

C. Divya: Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala – 680651 Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.

Safeer M. Saifudeen: PhD scholar, Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala – 680651 Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, India.

Article History

Received: 15.02.2021 Accepted: 31.03.2021 Published: 30.09.2021

Corresponding author: Dhanush Krishna B.

e-mail: dhanush@kvasu.ac.in

Citation: Vijayaragavan, S., Balakrishnan-Nair, D.K., Sajitha, I. S., Priya, P. M., Anoopraj, R., Devi, S.S., Ravishankar, C., Divya, C. and Saifudeen, S.M. 2021.Myeloid to Erythroid (M: E) ratio in the evaluation of bone marrow cytology of Porcine Circovirus type 2 affected pigs. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 52(3): 250 – 256. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2021.52.3.250-256

Abstract

Porcine circovirus associated diseases (PCVAD) caused by porcine circovirus type-2 (PCV-2) are emerging viral diseases with unfavourable effects on animal health and swine economy. We have a lot of information regarding the changes in the lymphoid organs and spleen in PCV-2 infected pigs whereas the reason for anaemic changes in the carcasses and the pathological effects of PCV-2 in bone marrow are still not well studied. Hence, an extensive study to identify the changes in myeloid and erythroid cells of bone marrow in PCV-2 infected pigs was carried out. Myeloid and erythroid series of cells were counted and analysed from the freshly collected bone marrow cytological smears from the PCV-2 suspected samples. Later, PCV-2 infection was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and characteristic histopathological findings. The PCR yielded an amplicon of ~ 481 bp product and those positive cases were selected for determining the Myeloid to Erythroid ratio (M : E ratio). However, values did not significantly differ in any of the cellular components between PCV-2 positive animals and PCV-2 negative animals which indicated that the bone marrow was not the specific target organ for PCV-2 viral infections. However, increased lympho-histiocytic and plasmacytic infiltration was noticed in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs. These characteristic features of PCV-2 infection could be considered as a major reason for increased proliferation of myeloid cells.

Keywords: PCV-2, polymerase chain reaction, bone marrow M: E ratio