Volume: 54 Issue: 2
Year: 2023, Page: 322-329, Doi: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2023.54.2.322-329
Received: July 1, 2022 Accepted: Nov. 5, 2022 Published: June 30, 2023
A study was conducted to assess the effect of dietary supplementation of nano zinc oxide (Zn) on mineral retention and serum mineral levels of Malabari kids. Fifteen Malabari kids of 2-3 months of age were randomly allotted to three dietary treatments with five replicates in each. The dietary treatments were: T1 (Control)- Complete feed containing CP- 14%, TDN- 70%, T2- Complete feed containing CP-14%, TDN- 65% with supplementation of 20 ppm nano zinc, T3 – Complete feed containing CP- 14%, TDN- 60% with supplementation of 20 ppm nano zinc for a period of 90 days. Blood was collected subjected to assess serum mineral status and serum biochemical analysis at end of trial. Serum zinc levels were significantly higher (p<0.05) in group T2 (1.65±0.23 mg/L), T3 (1.77±0.31 mg/L) compared to T1 (0.82±0.07 mg/L) group. Supplementation of nano zinc had no effect on mineral levels of calcium, phosphorous, copper and manganese. Supplementation of nano zinc at 20 ppm had no effect (P>0.05) on haemoglobin (g/dL), serum glucose, total protein, globulin and serum enzymes like ALT (IU/L), AST (IU/L), ALP (IU/L) and creatinine (mg/dL) levels. The study concluded that nano zinc supplementation to complete ration having lower energy (60 % TDN or 65 % TDN) in kids did not alter the serum calcium, phosphorous, copper , manganese and serum biochemical parameters while significantly (p<0.05) higher serum zinc levels was observed showing improved bioavailability
Keywords: Nanozinc, Malabari goats, Mineral status, Biochemical parameters
Ann. Nutr. Metab. 24(5): 281-290.
Ahokas, R. A. Dilts, P. V. and La Haye, E. B. 1980. Cadmium-induced fetal growth retardation: Protective effect of excess dietary zinc. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 136 (2): 216-221.
Aliarabi, H., Fadayifar, A., Tabatabaei, M. M., Zamani, P., Bahari, A., Farahavar, A., Dezfoulian,
A. H. 2015. Effect of zinc source on hematological, metabolic parameters and mineral balance in lambs. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 168(1):82–90.
Alimohamady, R., Aliarabi, H., Bruckmaier, R. M. and Christensen, R. G. 2018. Effect of different sources of supplemental zinc on performance, nutrient digestibility and antioxidant enzyme activities in lambs. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 189(1): 75-84.
Anil, T. S. V., Seshaiah, Ch. V., Ashalatha, P. and Sudhakar, K. 2020. Effect of dietary nano zinc oxide supplementation on haematological parameters, serum biochemical parameters and hepato-renal bio-markers in crossbred calves. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 9 (4): 2034-2044.
Attia, H., Al-Rasheed, N., Al-Rasheed, N. and Faddah, L. 2015. The combination of zinc and glibenclamide limits cardiovascular complications in diabetic rats via multiple mechanisms. Pak. J. Pharm. Sci. 28: 499- 508.
Bedi, S.P.S., Sawhney, P.C., 1979. Influence of zinc on growth and digestibility of proximate principles in growing cow calves. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 49, 5–21.
Brugger, D. and Windisch, W. M. 2016. Subclinical zinc deficiency impairs pancreatic digestive enzyme activity and digestive capacity of weaned piglets. Br. J. Nutr. 116 (3): 425–433
Chavan, S. J., Dildeep, V., Bhamare, K. S., Ravishankar, C., Babitha, V. and Sunanda, C. 2016. The effect of organic and inorganic zinc supplementation on blood haemoglobin and serum cortisol concentration in malabari goat kids. Int. J. Sci. Nature.7(3): 611-613.
Daghash H.A., Mousa S.M. 1999. Zinc sulfate supplementation to ruminant rations and its effects on digestibility in lamb, growth, rectal temperature and some blood constituents in buffalo calves under heat stress. Assiut. Vet. Med. J. 40:128-146
Dhruw., K. 2017. Effects of supplementation of nano- selenium and zinc on the performance of male goat kids. Ph. D Thesis, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, pp. 65-75.
Elamin, K. M., Dafalla, N. A., Abdel, A. K. A. and Tameem, E. A. A. 2013. Effects of zinc supplementation on growth performance and some blood parameters of goat kids in Sudan. Int. J. Pure Appl. Biol. Res. Sci. 1(1): 1-8.
Garg, A. K., Mudgal, V. and Dass, R. S., 2008. Effect of organic zinc supplementation on growth, nutrient utilization and mineral profile in lambs. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 144(2): 82-96.
Gaurav, B. 2020. Effect of supplementation of nano-zinc on growth performance and blood parameters in black bengal goats. M.V.Sc thesis, National dairy research institute, Thrissur, 46-53 p.
Goklaney, D., Ahuja, A. and Dhuria, R. K. 2019. Status of macro and micro mineral deficiency in goats in arid zone of rajasthan. Int. J. Livest. Res. 9 (7): 227-234.
Govardhan, K. A. 2019. Effects of supplementation of nano- selenium and -zinc on the performance of male goat kids. M. V. Sc. Thesis, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Science, Akola. pp: 65- 75.
Hu, C., Qian, Z., Song, J., Luan, Z. and Zuo, A. 2012. Effects of zinc oxide-montmorillonite hybrid on growth performance, intestinal structure, and function of broiler chicken. Poult. Sci. 92 (1):143–150.
Ismail, H.T.H. and El-Araby, I.E., 2017. Effect of dietary zinc oxide nanoparticles supplementation on biochemical, hematological and genotoxucity parameters in rabbits. Int. J. Curr. Adv. Res. 6 :2108-2115.
Jadhav, S.E., Garg, A.K. and Dass, R.S., 2008. Effect of graded levels of zinc supplementation on growth and nutrient utilization in male buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves. Anim. Nutri. Feed Technol. 8(1): 65-72.
Jasmine, M. S. S., Shayma, K., Gangadevi, P., Ally, K. and Thirupathy, V. R. 2017. Effect of incorporation of spent rosemary leaf meal on serum biochemical parameters of Malabari kids. 2018. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 49 (1): 67 - 70
Jia, W., Zhu, X., Zhang, W., Cheng, J., Guo, C. and Jia, Z., 2009. Effects of source of supplemental zinc on performance, nutrient digestibility and plasma mineral profile in Cashmere goats. Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci. 22(12): 1648-1653.
Jung, W. C., Kim, S. and Lee, H. J. 2010. Acute Toxicity of Nano-Scale Zinc Oxide Powder in ICR Mice. J. Biomed. Res. 11(4): 219-224.
Kaneko, J. J., Harvey, J. W. and Bruss, M. L. 2008. Clin. Biochem. domestic anim. (6th Ed.). Elsevier academic press, USA. 916p.
Khan, S.A., 1978. Interaction of copper and zinc and its influence on the metabolism of major nutrients in growing calves. PhD Thesis. Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh.
Kumar, A., Hosseindoust, A., Kim, M., Kim, K., Choi, Y., Lee, S., Lee, S., Lee, J., Cho, H., Kang, W.S. and Chae, B. 2020. Nano-sized Zinc in Broiler Chickens: Effects on Growth Performance, Zinc Concentration in Organs, and Intestinal Morphology. J. Poultry Sci. 19: 115.
Lee, J., Hosseindoust, A., Kim, K., Kim, T., Mun, J., Chae, B. and Kim, M. 2021. Improved growth performance, antioxidant status, digestive enzymes, nutrient digestibility and zinc bioavailability of broiler chickens with nano-sized hot-melt extruded zinc sulfate. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 200(3): 1321-1330.
Li, M. Z., Huang, J. T., Tsai, Y. H., Mao, S. Y., Fu, C. M., Lien, T. F. 2016. Nanosize of zinc oxide and the effects on zinc digestibility, growth performances, immune response and serum parameters of weanling piglets. Anim. Sci. J. 87(11): 1379-1385.
Mandal, G. P., Dass, R. S., Isore, D. P., Garg, A. K. and Ram, G. C. 2007. Effect of zinc supplementation from two sources on growth, nutrient utilization and immune response in male crossbred cattle (Bos indicus× Bos taurus) bulls. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 138(1): 1- 12.
Najafzadeh, H., Ghoreishi, S. M., Mohammadian, B., Rahimi, E., Afzalzadeh, M. R., Kazemivarnamkhasti, M. and Ganjealidarani, H., 2013. Serum biochemical and histopathological changes in liver and kidney in lambs after zinc oxide nanoparticles administration. Vet. World. 6(8): 534-537.
Prasad A.S. 1993. Interactions of Zinc with Other Micronutrients. In Biochemistry of Zinc, Springer, Boston. pp 259-278.
Phiri, E. C. J. H., Viva, M. M., Chibunda, R. T. and Mellau, L. S. B. 2009. Effect of zinc supplementation on plasma mineral concentration in grazing goats in sub-humid climate of Tanzania. Tanzania Vet. J. 26(2):.92-96.
Riordan, J. F. 1976. Biochemistry of Zinc. Med. Clin. North Am. 60 (4): 661–674.
Roshma, T. J., Ally, K., Thirupathy, V, K., Shayma, K. and George sherin, K. 2020. Effect of dietary incorporation of ksheerabala residue on nutrient digestibility and blood biochemical profile in Malabari kids. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 2020. 51(2): 196 – 200.
Salama A. A. K., Cajat, G., Albanell, E., Snch, X. and Casals, R., 2003.Effects of dietary supplements of zinc-methionine on milk production, udder health and zinc metabolism in dairy goats. J. Dairy Sci. 70:9–17
Sethy, K., Behera, K., Mishra, S. K., Swain, R. K., Satapathy, D. and Sahoo, J. K. 2016. growth, feed conversion efficiency, hemato-biochemical profile, and immune status of black bengal male goats supplemented with inorganic and organic zinc in diet. Anim. Sci. 10(3): 91-99.
Singh, K. K., Maity, S. B. and Maity, A. 2018. Effect of nano zinc oxide on zinc bioavailability and blood biochemical changes in pre-ruminant lambs. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 88: 805-807.
Sharma, V., Singh, P., Pandey, A. K. and Dhawan, A., 2012. Induction of oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in mouse liver after sub-acute oral exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles. Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen, 745(1-2), pp.84-91.
Sharma, U. and Kumar, P. 2016. Micronutrient research in India: Extent of deficiency, crop responses and future challenges. Int. J. Curr. Adv. Res. 4(4): 1402-1406.
Sobhanirad, S., Mashhadi, M. H. and Kashani, R. B., 2014. Effects of source and level of zinc on haematological and biochemical parameters in Baluchi lambs. Res. Opin. Anim. Vet. Sci. 4(7): 389-393.
Swain, P.S., Rao, S.B., Rajendran, D., Dominic, G. and Selvaraju, S., 2016. Nano zinc, an alternative to conventional zinc as animal feed supplement. Animal Nutr. 2(3): 134-141.
Swain, P.S., Rao, S. B. N., Rajendran, D., Poornachandra, K. T., Lokesha, E. and Kumar, R. D. 2019. Effect of Nano zinc Supplementation on Haematological and Blood Biochemical Profiles in Goats. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Applied Sci. 8(09): 2688-2694.
Ulutaş, E., Eryavuz, A., Bülbül, A., Rahman, A., Küçükkurt, İ. and Uyarlar, C., 2020. Effect of zinc supplementation on haematological parameters, biochemical components of blood and rumen fluid, and accumulation of zinc in different organs of goats. Pak. J. Zool. 52(3): 977- 988.
Zaboli, K., Aliarabi, H., Bahari, A.A. and Abbas, A.K.R. 2013. Role of dietary nano-zinc oxide on growth performance and blood levels of mineral: A study on in Iranian Angora (Markhoz) goat kids. J. Pharm. Health Sci. 2(1): 19-26.
© 2023 Reddy et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Reddy, P. S., Deepa, A., Ally, K., Venketachalapathy, T and Lalu, K. 2023. Effect of nano zinc supplementation on serum biochemical and mineral levels in Malabari kids fed on complete rations with varying energy levels. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 54(2):322-329
DOI: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2023.54.2.322-329