Volume: 54 Issue: 3
Year: 2023, Page: 647-655, Doi: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2023.54.3.647-655
Received: Nov. 15, 2022 Accepted: Feb. 13, 2023 Published: Sept. 30, 2023
Silver nanoparticles are gaining importance on account of its antimicrobial properties and low toxicity to humans. The present study was conducted to synthesise silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from aqueous extract of neem leaves. The phytochemical screening of the aqueous extract of neem leaves was also performed for determining its active principles. The qualitative phytochemical screening revealed that the aqueous extract of neem leaves contained phytochemicals like steroids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids, saponins and terpenoids. The AgNPs synthesised were characterised using X-ray diffraction analysis which revealed that synthesised AgNPs were face centred, cubic and crystalline in nature and the sample contained silver nanoparticles in a high concentration. The antibacterial activity of the green AgNPs against E. coli isolates including the reference strain was tested and observed that the AgNPs exhibited antibacterial activity though a significant zone of inhibition was not obtained. Based on the results obtained, it could be concluded that silver nanoparticles could be efficiently synthesised from neem leaves and could be utilised in various fields especially in nanotechnology
Keywords: Silver nanoparticles, neem leaves, phytochemical screening, X-ray diffraction analysis, antibacterial activity, E. coli
Aathira, K.K., Kariyil, B.J., Dhanusha, G., Haima, J.S., Sujith, S., Shynu, M. and Nisha, A.R. 2021. Qualitative and quantitative analysis (GC-MS) of methanol extract of Crataeva nurvala stem bark. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 52(2): 135-141.
Ahmed, T., Imdad, S., Yaldram, K., Butt, N.M. and Pervez, A. 2014. Emerging nanotechnology-based methods for water purification: a review. Desalin. Water Treat. 52(22-24): 4089-4101.
Gupta, A.K., Ahirwar, N.K., Shinde, N., Choudhary, M., Rajput, Y.S. and Singh, A. 2013. Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial assessment of leaves of Adhatoda vasica, Azadirachta indica and Datura stramonium. J. Pharm. Biol. Sci. 1: 42-47.
Hashmat, I., Azad, H. and Ahmed, A. 2012. Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss)-A nature’s drugstore: an overview. Int. Res. J. Biol. Sci. 1(6): 76-79.
Joany, R.M., Shanthy, P., Mary, A.C.C. and Jeyasundari, J. 2015. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using neem extract. Int. J. Nano. Corr. Sci. Engg. 2(2): 1-6.
Joshi, B., Sah, G.P., Basnet, B.B., Bhatt, M.R., Sharma, D., Subedi, K., Janardhan, P. and Malla, R., 2011. Phytochemical extraction and antimicrobial properties of different medicinal plants: Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi), Eugenia caryophyllata (Clove), Achyranthes bidentata (Datiwan) and Azadirachta indica (Neem). J. Microbiol. Antimicrob. 3(1): 1-7.
Keerthika, V., Nisha, A.R., Nair, S.N., John, P., Ramnath, V. and Mohan, R.S.A. 2022. Phytochemical analysis and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous extract of seeds of Sesamum indicum. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 53(2): 262-268.
Morones, J.R., Elechiguerra, J.L., Camacho, A., Holt, K., Kouri, J.B., Ramirez, J.T. and Yacaman, M.J. 2005. The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles. Nanotechnol. 16(10): 2346-2353.
Namratha, N. and Monica, P.V. 2013. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica (Neem) extract and usage in water purification. Asian J. Pharm. Technol. 3(4): 170-174.
Prakash, K.P., Kariyil, B.J., Nisha, A.R. and Raji, K. 2021. Toxicity evaluation of aqueous soluble fraction of Tamarindus indica seed coat extract in albino wistar rats. J. Pharmacog. Phytochem. 10(3): 94-99.
Roy, P., Das, B., Mohanty, A. and Mohapatra, S. 2017. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica leaf extract and its antimicrobial study. Appl. Nanosci. 7(8): 843-850.
Sajeshkumar, N.K., Vazhacharickal, P.J., Mathew, J.J. and Joy, J. 2015. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles from neem leaf (Azadirachta indica) extract and its antibacterial activity. CIB Tech J. Biotechnol. 4(2): 20-31.
Shankar, S.S., Rai, A., Ahmad, A. and Sastry, M. 2004. Rapid synthesis of Au, Ag and bimetallic Au coreAg shell nanoparticles using neem (Azadirachta indica) leaf broth. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 275(2): 496-502.
Shukla, V.K., Pandey, S. and Pandey, A.C. 2010. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using neem leaf (Azadirachta indica) extract. In: Giri, P.K., Goswami, D.K., Perumal, A. and Chattopadhyay, A. (ed.), AIP Conference Proceedings; 9th to 11th December, 2009, Guwahati. American Institute of Physics. pp. 43-49.
Susmitha, S., Vidyamol, K.K., Ranganayaki, P. and Vijayaragavan, R. 2013. Phytochemical extraction and antimicrobial properties of Azadirachta indica (Neem). Glob. J. Pharmacol. 7(3): 316-320.
Taiga, A. and Friday, E. 2009. Variations in phytochemical properties of selected fungicidal aqueous extracts of some plant leaves in Kogi state, Nigeria. Am. Eurasian J. Sustain. Agric. 3(3): 407-409.
Tashi, T., Gupta, N.V. and Mbuya, V.B. 2016. Silver nanoparticles: Synthesis, mechanism of antimicrobial action, characterization, medical applications, and toxicity effects. J. Chem. Pharm. Res. 8(2): 526-537.
Tripathy, A., Raichur, A.M., Chandrasekaran, N., Prathna, T.C. and Mukherjee, A. 2009. Process variables in biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles by aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica (Neem) leaves. J. Nanoparticle Res. 12(1): 237-246.
Verma, A. and Mehata, M.S. 2016. Controllable synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Neem leaves and their antimicrobial activity. J. Radiat. Res. Appl. Sci. 9(1): 109-115.
Zhang, X.F., Liu, Z.G., Shen, W. and Gurunathan, S. 2016. Silver nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, properties, applications, and therapeutic approaches. Int. J. Mol. Sci. [online]. 17(9): 1534. Available: https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/17/9/1534/pdf?version=1473764122 [13 Sept. 2016].
© 2023 Miyada et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Miyada, Y., Deepa J., Latha, C., Sethulekshmi, C. and Deepak, M.D.K. 2023. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous extract of leaves of Azadirachta indica, its phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 54(3):647-655
DOI: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2023.54.3.647-655