Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

Volume: 55 Issue: 3

  • Open Access
  • Research Article

Effect of gamma irradiation and thermal pasteurisation on functional quality of liquid whole egg

Linda S. Kumar 1*, V.N. Vasudevan1*, T. Sathu1, A. Irshad1 and Deepa Jolly2

1 Department of Livestock Products Technology, 2 Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur- 680 651, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Kerala, India

Year: 2024, Page: 565-570, Doi: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2024.55.3.565-570

Received: March 12, 2024 Accepted: April 15, 2024 Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Abstract

The present study aimed to assess the effect of gamma irradiation and thermal pasteurisation on the functional quality of liquid whole egg. Three separate liquid whole egg (LWE) homogenate samples were used in the study: Control untreated LWE (C), gamma irradiated at a previously validated pasteurisation dose of 3kGy, and thermally pasteurised at a core temperature of 60±1°C for 3.5 min (T). Samples were analysed for their functional properties on the day of pasteurisation.The foaming capacity and foaming stability were significantly (p<0.05) higher, whereas the viscosity was significantly (p<0.05) lower for G when compared to C and T. The emulsifying capacity of G was significantly (p<0.05) lower than C, whereas emulsifying stability of G did not differ significantly from C. According to the findings of this study, subjecting the LWE to gamma irradiation at 3kGy, showed no alterations in emulsifying capacity whereas foaming capacity and foaming stability was improved, when compared to the untreated control (C). The G showed lower viscosity and emulsifying stability

Keywords: Liquid whole egg, cold pasteurised, thermally pasteurised, functional properties

References

Al‐Bachir, M. and Zeinou, R. 2006. Effect of gamma irradiation on some characteristics of shell eggs and mayonnaise prepared from irradiated eggs. J.  Food Saf. 26: 348-360.

Bacq, A.M. and Alexander, P. 1961. Fundamentals of Radiobiology. (2nd Ed.). The MacMillan Company, New York, 157-216p. 

Baldwin, R.E. 1986. Functional properties of eggs in foods. In: William J. Stadelman, Owen Cotterill. Egg Science and Technology. (3rd Ed.). Macmillan, United Kingdom, pp. 345-377.

Baron, F., Jan, S. and Jeantet, R. 2010. Microbiological quality of egg products. Egg Sci. Technol. 2: 321-349.

Branka, K., Branka, M. and Dusan, R. 1992. Radiation-induced oxidative chemical changes in dehydrated egg products. J. Agric. Food Chem. 40: 662-666.

Chapin, R.B. 1951. Some factors affecting the emulsifying properties of hen's egg. Ph.D. dissertation, Iowa State University.

Clark, D.C., Kiss, I.F., Wild, P.J. and Wilson, D.R. 1992. The effect of irradiation on the functional properties of spray-dried egg white protein. Food Hydrocoll. 5: 541-548.

Ferrari, M., Handgraaf, J.W., Boccardo, G., Buffo, A., Vanni, M. and Marchisio, D.L. 2022. Molecular modelling of the interface of an egg yolk protein-based emulsion. Phys. Fluids. 34: 021903p.

Griswold, R.M. 1962. The Experimental Study of Foods. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, 577p.

Herald, T.J. and Smith, D.M. 1989. Functional properties and composition of liquid whole egg proteins as influenced by pasteurisation and frozen storage. Poult. Sci. 68: 1461-1469.

Hsieh, Y.L. and Resenstein, J.M. 1989. Texture changes on hating spray-dried egg white. J. Food Sci. 54: 1206-1208.

Johnson, T.M. and Zabik, M.E. 1981. Egg albumen proteins interactions in an angel food cake system. J. Food Sci. 46: 1231-1236.

Kannan, S., Dev, S.R., Gariépy, Y. and Raghavan, V.G. 2013. Effect of radiofrequency heating on the dielectric and physical properties of eggs. Prog. Electromagn. Res. 51: 201-220.

Kaya, S. and Tekin, A.R. 2001. The effect of salep content on the rheological characteristics of a typical ice-cream mix. J. Food Eng. 47: 59-62.

Kim, H.J., Jong, H., Jayasena, D.D., Lee, H.J., Lee, H. and Jo, C. 2016. Microbial safety and physicochemical characteristics of electron beam irradiated whole egg powder. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 24: 637-642.

Le Denmat, M., Anton, M. and Gandemer, G. 1999. Protein denaturation and emulsifying properties of plasma and granules of egg yolk as related to heat treatment. J. Food Sci. 64: 194-197.

Lechevalier, V., Guérin-Dubiard, C., Anton, M., Beaumal, V., Briand, E.D., Gillard, A., Le Gouar, Y., Musikaphun, N., Tanguy, G., Pasco, M. and Dupont, D. 2017. Pasteurisation of liquid whole egg: Optimal heat treatments in relation to its functional, nutritional and allergenic properties. J. Food Eng. 195: 137-149.

Li-Chan, E.C.Y., Powrie, W.D. and Nakai, S. 1995. Korean J. Animal Sci. Technol. 51: 521-526.

Liu, X.D., Han, R.X., Yun, H., Jung, K.C., Jin, D.I., Lee, B.D., Min, T.S. and Jo, C. 2009.  Effect of irradiation on foaming properties of egg white proteins. Poult. Sci. 88: 2435-2441.

Ma, C.Y., Sahasrabudhe, M.R., Poste, L.M., Harwalkar, V.R. and Chambers, J.R. 1990. Gamma irradiation of shell eggs: internal and sensory quality, physicochemical characteristics and functional properties. Can. Inst. Food Sci. Technol. J. 23: 226-232.

MacDonnell, L.R., Feeney, R.E., Hanson, H.L., Campbell, A. and Sugihara, R.F. 1955. The functional properties of the egg white proteins. Food Technol. 9: 49-53.

Radovčic, M.N., Karlović, S., Medić, H. and RežekJambrak, A. 2021. Effect of citric acid addition on functional properties of pasteurised liquid whole eggs. J. Food Sci. Technol. 58: 985-995.

Min, B., Nam, K.C., Jo, C. and Ahn, D.U. 2012. Irradiation of shell egg on the physicochemical and functional properties of liquid egg white. Poult. Sci. 91: 2649-2657.

Patrignani, F., Vannini, L., Kamdem, S.L.S., Hernando, I., Marco-Molés, R., Guerzoni, M.E. and Lanciotti, R. 2013. High pressure homogenization vs heat treatment: Safety and functional properties of liquid whole egg. Food Microbiol. 36: 63-69.

Raikos, V., Campbell, L. and Euston, S.R. 2007. Rheology and texture of hen’s egg protein heat-set gels as affected by pH and the addition of sugar and/or salt. Food Hydrocoll. 21: 237-244.

Reinke, W.C. and Baker, R.C. 1966. The effect of pasteurising liquid whole egg on viscosity, α-amylase and Salmonella senftenburg. Poult. Sci. 45: 1321-1327.

Ribeiro, A.C., Barba, F.J., Barber, X., Lopes da Silva, J.J.A. and Saraiva, J.A. 2023. Influence of pressure pre-treatments on liquid whole egg thermal pasteurisation- microbiological, physicochemical and functional properties. Food Chem. Adv. 2: 1-10.

Seo, K.H., Brackett, R.E., Valentin-Bon, I.E. and Holt, P.S. 2003. Comparison of homogenization methods for recovering Salmonella Enteritidis from eggs. J. Food Prot. 66: 1666-1669.

Serrano, L.E., Murano, E.A., Shenoy, K. and Olson, D.G. 1997. D values of Salmonella Enteritidis isolates and quality attributes of shell eggs and liquid whole eggs treated with irradiation. Poult. Sci. 76: 202-205.

Snedecor, G.M. and Cochran, W.G. 1994. Statistical Methods. (8th Ed). The Iowa
State University, Ames, Iowa, 313p.

USDA-FSIS [United States Department of Agriculture - Food Safety and Inspection Service]. 2000. Irradiation in the production processing and handling of food - shell eggs, fresh; safe use of ionizing radiation for salmonella reduction. Federal Registry. 65: 45280-45282.

Wang, G. and Wang, T. 2009. Effects of yolk contamination, shearing, and heating on foaming properties of fresh egg white. J. Food Sci. 74: 147-156.

Wong, Y.C., Herald, T.J. and Hachmeister, K.A. 1996. Comparison between irradiated and thermally pasteurised liquid egg white on functional, physical and microbiological properties. Poult. Sci. 75: 803-808.

Yasuda, K., Nakamura, R. And Hayakawa, S. 1986. Factors affecting heat-induced gel formation of bovine serum albumin. J. Food Sci. 51: 1289-1292.

Zhao, Q., Ding, L., Xia, M., Huang, X., Isobe, K., Handa, A. and Cai, Z. 2021. Role of lysozyme on liquid egg white foaming properties: Interface behaviour, physicochemical characteristics and protein structure. Food Hydrocoll. 120: 106876.

Zhao, W., Yang, R., Tang, Y. and Lu, R. 2007. Combined effects of heat and PEF on microbial inactivation and quality of liquid egg whites. Int. J. Food Eng. 3: 1-20.

Cite this article

Kumar, L.S., Vasudevan, V.N, Sathu, T., Irshad, A. and Jolly, D. 2023. Effect of gamma irradiation and thermal pasteurisation on functional quality of liquid whole egg. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 55 (3):565-570

Views
37
Downloads
18
Citations